Alcohol has an impact on vision both in the short term and the long term, leading to immediate problems such as blurred or double vision and reduced night vision. Prolonged effects resulting from chronic alcohol consumption may result in irreversible vision impairment due to damage to the optic nerve, a heightened risk of developing cataracts, and the occurrence of dry eye syndrome.
Short-term effects
• Blurred or double vision:
Alcohol diminishes the strength of eye muscles and disrupts the function of the ciliary muscle, which is essential for focusing the lens of the eye, resulting in challenges with focus and vision that may seem blurry or doubled.
• Impaired night vision:
Alcohol can diminish your capacity to see in dim lighting, increasing the risks associated with nighttime driving.
• Pupil dilation:
Alcohol may lead to the enlargement of pupils, which can influence the quality of images and contrast sensitivity.
• Reduced contrast sensitivity:
The capability to distinguish between various shades of gray is compromised, making it more difficult to identify objects against their backgrounds.
• Dry eyes:
Alcohol causes dehydration in the body, potentially resulting in dry eyes and discomfort.
Long-term effects
• Optic neuropathy:
Chronic alcohol consumption may result in a deficiency of B1 vitamins, potentially causing damage to the optic nerve and resulting in vision impairment.
• Cataracts:
Heavy drinking is associated with a heightened risk of developing cataracts, which manifest as cloudy regions in the eye’s lens.
• Increased dry eye:
Long-term alcohol use can contribute to the onset of chronic dry eye syndrome.
• Permanent vision loss:
In extreme instances, damage to the optic nerve due to alcohol abuse can result in irreversible blindness.
